DEVELOPMENT OF OXIDATIVE STRESS IN THE VENTRICULAR MYOCARDIUM OF MALE AND FEMALE RATS DURING EXPERIMENTAL HYPOTHYROIDISM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21856/j-PEP.2024.1.07Keywords:
hypothyroidism, cardiomyopathy, experiment, rats, lipoperoxidation, antioxidant protectionAbstract
Background. Pathological conditions induced by iodine deficiency are the most widespread syndromic lesions of non-infectious nature in the world, accompanied by the development of various pathological processes, including cardiovascular system disorders. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the state of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection levels in the myocardium of male and female rats during the progression of experimental hypothyroid cardiomyopathy.
Materials and Methods. The experimental group consisted of 48 sexually mature rats, 24 males and 24 females. Hypothyroidism was induced in these rats by administering mercazolilum (10 mg/kg). After 5, 10, and 15 days of the experiment, heart rate (HR), Mo index, intensity and duration of bradycardia in response to acetylcholine (50 mcg/kg) administration, and the extent of ventricular myocardium damage were assessed. Lipid peroxidation was determined by the content of diene (DC), triene conjugates (TC), and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) in the ventricular myocardium. The state of the antioxidant protection system was assessed by the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase.
Results. During the progression of hypothyroidism, it was found that after 10 and 15 days of observation, HR decreased by 48% and 56% compared to the baseline in males, and by 52% and 63% in females, respectively. The increase in the Mo index after 10 and 15 days was 48% and 57% in males, and 49% and 60% in females. The intensity of bradycardia increased with acetylcholine administration: after 10 days, it increased by 66% and 92% in males and females, respectively, and after 15 days, it increased by 72% and 3.3 times, respectively. Experimental hypothyroid cardiomyopathy was accompanied by an increase in the DC value in 5 days from the start of methimazole feeding, which was 5.2 times in males and 4.6 times in females after 15 days. The content of ТC increased by 4.3 times in males and 3.7 times in females on the 15th day. The content of TBARS exceeded the control values in males by 3.0, 1.4, and 2.5 times, and in females by 39%, 5%, and 80% at each stage of the experiment. SOD activity decreased by 13.1 times in both male and female animals on the 15th day. Catalase activity increased during the experimental stages, by 3.4 times in males and 2.8 times in females.
Conclusions. The development of hypothyroidism leads to more significant metabolic disturbances in the ventricular myocardium of females compared to males, characterized by the accumulation of lipoperoxidation products alongside insufficient activity of antioxidant protection enzymes.
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