SARCOPENIA IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES: CURRENT DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA, DEVELOPMENT MECHANISMS AND TREATMENT STRATEGIES

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21856/j-PEP.2025.2.07

Keywords:

sarcopenia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, myosteatosis, insulin resistance, review

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is one of the most widespread metabolic diseases globally, significantly affecting quality and life expectancy, especially among the elderly. This article explores the relationship between type 2 diabetes and sarcopenia – an age-related degenerative condition characterized by the loss of skeletal muscle mass and function. The modern diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia proposed by leading international organizations are analyzed, taking into account the assessment of muscle strength, mass, and physical performance. Particular attention is paid to the pathophysiological mechanisms of sarcopenia development and its association with type 2 diabetes, highlighting the roles of insulin resistance, myosteatosis, chronic inflammation, and vascular complications. The article presents research data and meta-analyses demonstrating a higher prevalence of sarcopenia among patients with type 2 diabetes and the association between the degree of glycemic control and the risk of sarcopenia. Scientifically based recommendations are discussed regarding nutrition, emphasizing the need for increased intake of protein and micronutrients, physical activity, and pharmacological therapy for patients with sarcopenia against the background of type 2 diabetes. The role of bariatric surgery in supporting skeletal muscle health and metabolic well-being in patients with diabetes is also demonstrated. This work is based on the analysis of publications available in specialized online journal archives and the PubMed database covering the period from 1997 to 2024. This allows the proposal of practical approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of these patients, taking into account metabolic characteristics and geriatric needs.

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Published

2025-06-15

How to Cite

Zhuravlyova, L., Krivonosova, O., & Zhuravlyova, A. (2025). SARCOPENIA IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES: CURRENT DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA, DEVELOPMENT MECHANISMS AND TREATMENT STRATEGIES. Problems of Endocrine Pathology, 82(2), 54–60. https://doi.org/10.21856/j-PEP.2025.2.07

Issue

Vol. 82 No. 2 (2025): Problems of Endocrine Pathology

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REVIEWS

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