FEATURES OF EPITHELIAL-MESENCHYMAL TRANSFORMATION OF PAPILLAR THYROID CARCINOMA ON THE BACKGROUND OF CHRONIC AUTOIMMUNE THYROIDITIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21856/j-PEP.2023.3.05Keywords:
papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland, chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, epithelial-mesenchymal transformation, immunohistochemical studyAbstract
Papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common form of thyroid cancer. The incidence of autoimmune thyroiditis has increased over the past 50 years. The association between these pathologies is the subject of a long and ongoing debate regarding the impact on the course of the tumor process.
The aim of the study was to establish the features of immunohistochemical indicators of markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transformation of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland against the background of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis in comparison with isolated carcinoma without background pathology.
Materials and methods. The tissue of the thyroid gland served as the research material. The material was divided into three groups: 1st: papillary thyroid cancer, 2nd group: papillary thyroid cancer against the background of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, 3rd group: chronic autoimmune thyroiditis. A histological (hematoxylin and eosin staining) and immunohistochemical study (determination of pancytokeratin and keratin-7, vimentin, E-cadherin) was carried out, followed by statistical analysis of the obtained data.
The results. In the group with carcinoma, there was a decrease in the expression of E-cadherin, which indicates a violation of intercellular adhesion, as well as a decrease in the parameters of pancytokeratin and keratin-7 with a pronounced expression of the mesenchymal marker vimentin. The group with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis showed a clear expression of epithelial markers and a marker of intercellular adhesion with a low level of vimentin, which does not contradict the picture of a benign process. When the described pathologies are combined, the immunohistochemical picture is "intermediate": moderate expressiveness of the expression of all studied markers, which indicates a relative decrease in the manifestations of epithelial-mesenchymal transformation in this group compared to isolated carcinoma.
Conclusions. As a result of a complex pathomorphological study of thyroid tissue with the determination of EMT markers by IGH, it can be assumed that the presence of HAIT in a patient with thyroid cancer is a prognostically favorable circumstance for the course of the tumor process, it is considered as the presence of a local restraining factor in the form of immune infiltration, which prevents the rapid local progression of the tumor and its metastasis.
Key words: papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland, chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, epithelial-mesenchymal transformation, immunohistochemical study.
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