ESTIMATION OF THE INCIDENCE OF SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM AND VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY IN PATIENTS WITH GRADE 1 OBESITY

Abstract

Numerous studies have investigated the prevalence of secondary hyperparathyroidism in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), as well as in the general population with obesity. However, there is a lack of research focused specifically on subjects with grade 1 obesity and the risk factors associated with secondary hyperparathyroidism in individuals with stage 1 or 2 CKD. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to determine the frequency of vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency and secondary hyperparathyroidism, and to identify predictors of these conditions in subjects with grade 1 obesity.

Materials and methods. The study included 50 subjects with BMI 30–34.9 kg/m². All subjects underwent fasting blood tests to measure levels of ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), insulin, vitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), fasting glucose, glycated haemoglobin, and HOMA-IR index.

Results. Among the examined subjects, 28% of subjects presented with normal vitamin D levels, 50% with vitamin D insufficiency, and 22% with vitamin D deficiency. Secondary hyperparathyroidism was diagnosed in 20% of the subjects. We found a positive correlation between ghrelin and vitamin D levels (0.12 [−0.20/0.22]; р=0.02) and a negative correlation between visceral fat percentage and vitamin D levels (−0.82 [−1.56/−0.81]; p=0.03). No statistically significant relationship was found with other evaluated indicators.

Conclusion. The prevalence of secondary hyperparathyroidism in subjects with grade1 obesity was 20%, and vitamin D deficiency was found in 22% of cases. Increased visceral fat is a risk factor for vitamin D deficiency. Healthcare professionals should suspect low serum vitamin D levels in individuals with any degree of obesity and appropriately address the issue of timely correction of vitamin D deficiency and detection of secondary hyperparathyroidism.