THE ROLE OF THE RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN-ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF TYPE 2 DIABETES AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21856/j-PEP.2024.1.08Keywords:
metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, insulin resistance, reviewAbstract
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is rapidly increasing in all countries of the world due to unhealthy lifestyles and currently affects 30% of the adult population, making it a global health problem. Metabolic syndrome is a pro-inflammatory condition that plays an important role in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes and related complications, including cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular diseases are the main complications of type 2 diabetes and significantly increase the risk of death, therefore research and dissemination of effective methods of treatment of common pathogenetic mechanisms of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases is very important. Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system makes a leading contribution not only to the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases, but also to the reduced insulin synthesis by β-cells, and thus to the development of type 2 diabetes and its complications. This emphasizes the importance of inhibiting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system for reducing the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. Lifestyle interventions through the introduction of a healthy diet, sufficient physical activity, smoking cessation and alcohol abuse improve the course of all metabolic disorders. Drug therapy with blockers of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system significantly reduces the risk of developing and the severity of the course of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes.
Thе review is devoted to lifestyle modification and pharmacological support in the prevention or delay of the development of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. The literature search was conducted using Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Global Health databases.
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